Best Oil and Gas Stocks to Buy Now (2025)Top oil and gas stocks in 2025 ranked by overall Zen Rating. "A" Rated stocks have returned an average of +32.52% per year, and are the best oil and gas stocks to buy now. Learn More.
Industry: Oil & Gas E&P
D
Oil and Gas is Zen Rated D and is the 101st ranked industry out of 145 stock market industries
Learn how the Zen Ratings work| Ticker | Company | Price | 1d % | 1w % | 1m % | 3m % | 6m % | 1y % | 3y % | 5y % | 10y % | 52-week High | 52-week Low | % off 52-week High | % off 52-week Low | Beta | Volume | Vol 1d % |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| EPSN | EPSILON ENERGY LTD | $8.14 | 1.37% | 10.15% | 19.88% | 16.95% | 35.44% | 49.91% | 25.42% | 167.32% | N/A | $8.18 | $4.95 | 0.43% | 64.44% | 0.47 | 225,000 | 69.17% |
| GRNT | GRANITE RIDGE RESOURCES INC | $5.98 | 0.34% | 2.22% | 4.91% | 7.94% | -1.97% | -2.29% | -40.79% | N/A | N/A | $7.10 | $4.52 | 15.77% | 32.30% | 0.48 | 657,000 | 11.17% |
| KGEI | KOLIBRI GLOBAL ENERGY INC | $7.33 | 4.27% | 7.48% | 18.23% | -0.54% | 32.07% | 112.46% | N/A | N/A | N/A | $9.89 | $2.85 | 25.88% | 157.19% | 0.73 | 202,000 | 81.98% |
| REPX | RILEY EXPLORATION PERMIAN INC | $28.44 | 0.46% | 4.94% | -3.50% | 2.16% | -13.77% | 5.10% | 3.80% | 303.06% | 0.42% | $37.55 | $21.98 | 24.26% | 29.39% | 1.54 | 128,000 | 89.35% |
| GPOR | GULFPORT ENERGY CORP | $195.91 | 1.62% | 2.56% | -1.16% | 16.97% | 11.31% | 24.31% | 99.10% | N/A | N/A | $201.18 | $130.02 | 2.62% | 50.68% | 0.83 | 176,000 | 37.50% |
| KRP | KIMBELL ROYALTY PARTNERS LP | $14.15 | 0.28% | 5.28% | 1.43% | 3.82% | -11.06% | -13.82% | -23.01% | 58.63% | N/A | $17.07 | $10.98 | 17.11% | 28.87% | 0.61 | 656,000 | 63.59% |
| CRC | CALIFORNIA RESOURCES CORP | $47.27 | 2.18% | 5.89% | 7.92% | 12.41% | -13.93% | -3.61% | 5.73% | N/A | N/A | $60.41 | $30.97 | 21.75% | 52.63% | 1.04 | 887,000 | 70.91% |
| OVV | OVINTIV INC | $41.87 | 3.31% | 9.66% | 6.43% | 8.16% | 3.36% | -10.59% | -26.27% | 335.24% | -29.39% | $49.57 | $29.80 | 15.53% | 40.50% | 1.36 | 4,426,000 | 40.33% |
| SD | SANDRIDGE ENERGY INC | $11.89 | 4.85% | 11.75% | 9.99% | 5.97% | 5.41% | -8.54% | -48.21% | 603.55% | N/A | $14.04 | $8.81 | 15.31% | 34.96% | 1.03 | 683,000 | 112.11% |
| VTLE | VITAL ENERGY INC | $21.37 | 6.05% | 24.90% | 17.16% | 7.01% | -32.14% | -50.34% | -79.47% | 12.83% | -92.63% | $47.80 | $12.30 | 55.29% | 73.74% | 1.65 | 2,266,000 | 72.06% |
| DMLP | DORCHESTER MINERALS LP | $28.10 | -0.74% | 1.55% | -2.09% | -5.20% | -14.38% | -7.79% | -8.68% | 142.24% | 21.59% | $34.88 | $25.84 | 19.44% | 8.75% | 0.52 | 261,000 | 210.71% |
| TPL | TEXAS PACIFIC LAND CORP | $1,119.58 | 2.01% | 0.57% | -18.79% | -10.78% | -6.62% | 46.54% | 109.46% | 436.91% | 2,105.50% | $1.77k | $724.75 | 36.72% | 54.48% | 1.05 | 148,000 | 32.14% |
| RRC | RANGE RESOURCES CORP | $41.39 | 3.17% | 7.81% | 1.90% | 10.49% | 17.09% | 13.90% | 27.75% | 513.19% | -21.18% | $41.95 | $27.29 | 1.33% | 51.67% | 1.02 | 4,660,000 | 79.65% |
| APA | APA CORP | $21.01 | 5.31% | 13.57% | 13.81% | 10.35% | -8.09% | -26.46% | -53.90% | 49.22% | -63.76% | $33.41 | $13.58 | 37.11% | 54.67% | 1.31 | 13,082,000 | 57.16% |
| AR | ANTERO RESOURCES CORP | $41.66 | 4.05% | 7.79% | 1.51% | 14.54% | 28.70% | 22.13% | -2.18% | 1,005.04% | 14.07% | $42.63 | $24.53 | 2.26% | 69.83% | 1.15 | 5,459,000 | 64.68% |
| MTDR | MATADOR RESOURCES CO | $51.64 | 4.32% | 12.78% | 11.39% | 10.04% | -8.91% | -9.55% | -14.83% | 405.78% | 86.56% | $66.89 | $35.19 | 22.80% | 46.75% | 1.40 | 2,700,000 | 34.26% |
| CRGY | CRESCENT ENERGY CO | $9.78 | 2.73% | 8.31% | 2.95% | -6.77% | -33.01% | -17.75% | -38.72% | N/A | N/A | $16.94 | $6.83 | 42.27% | 43.19% | 1.19 | 5,235,000 | 195.10% |
| CTRA | COTERRA ENERGY INC | $26.70 | 2.14% | 4.38% | 7.84% | -0.07% | 5.41% | -1.62% | -18.00% | 37.63% | -21.24% | $29.95 | $22.30 | 10.85% | 19.73% | 0.69 | 10,275,000 | 70.26% |
| OBE | OBSIDIAN ENERGY LTD | $5.95 | 3.66% | 12.69% | 15.98% | 14.86% | 9.98% | -15.84% | -43.33% | 1,425.64% | -53.55% | $7.87 | $3.88 | 24.40% | 53.35% | 1.11 | 657,000 | 86.65% |
| MNR | MACH NATURAL RESOURCES LP | $14.69 | 1.87% | 10.78% | 2.51% | 2.73% | -4.67% | -23.89% | N/A | N/A | N/A | $20.94 | $12.40 | 29.85% | 18.47% | 0.60 | 984,000 | 107.16% |
| PNRG | PRIMEENERGY RESOURCES CORP | $146.26 | 2.35% | 1.57% | -19.37% | -26.75% | -22.88% | 33.82% | 58.50% | 65.73% | 153.66% | $243.49 | $103.51 | 39.93% | 41.30% | 0.64 | 62,000 | -7.46% |
| GFR | GREENFIRE RESOURCES LTD | $5.12 | 6.22% | 12.78% | 19.91% | 5.79% | -23.58% | -14.81% | N/A | N/A | N/A | $8.16 | $3.81 | 37.25% | 34.38% | 0.90 | 53,700 | 62.73% |
| EGY | VAALCO ENERGY INC | $3.84 | 2.40% | 11.63% | 0.26% | 1.32% | -22.58% | -39.91% | -48.46% | 202.36% | 66.23% | $7.43 | $3.00 | 48.32% | 28.00% | 1.04 | 1,430,000 | 96.43% |
| HPK | HIGHPEAK ENERGY INC | $11.90 | 5.03% | 6.63% | 15.53% | 6.63% | -16.90% | -14.20% | -61.94% | 12.26% | N/A | $17.48 | $7.82 | 31.92% | 52.17% | 0.97 | 416,000 | 144.71% |
| BKV | BKV CORP | $23.32 | -0.09% | 3.46% | 4.20% | 22.35% | 0.30% | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | $26.78 | $15.00 | 12.92% | 55.47% | 1.23 | 179,000 | -46.41% |
| CNQ | CANADIAN NATURAL RESOURCES LTD | $33.78 | 1.96% | 6.97% | 4.81% | 17.66% | 7.34% | -0.94% | 9.68% | 283.65% | 138.98% | $37.91 | $24.65 | 10.89% | 37.04% | 0.92 | 12,787,000 | -22.89% |
| DVN | DEVON ENERGY CORP | $35.11 | 2.27% | 8.73% | 2.39% | 3.91% | 3.63% | -23.27% | -49.29% | 172.38% | -43.03% | $49.35 | $25.89 | 28.85% | 35.61% | 1.19 | 12,706,000 | 106.74% |
| EQT | EQT CORP | $56.84 | 2.38% | 0.80% | 1.14% | 16.33% | 24.68% | 41.04% | 26.11% | 295.00% | -32.47% | $57.37 | $30.02 | 0.92% | 89.34% | 0.89 | 7,732,000 | 57.19% |
| PR | PERMIAN RESOURCES CORP | $14.93 | 3.18% | 9.86% | 7.03% | 15.47% | 1.70% | -1.65% | 72.40% | 1,022.56% | N/A | $16.95 | $10.01 | 11.92% | 49.15% | 1.33 | 15,821,000 | 36.13% |
| EXE | EXPAND ENERGY CORP | $116.46 | 1.30% | -0.76% | 2.97% | 15.10% | 18.20% | 35.34% | 24.73% | N/A | N/A | $120.04 | $69.12 | 2.98% | 68.49% | 0.76 | 2,314,000 | -11.44% |
| SM | SM ENERGY CO | $28.26 | 4.17% | 13.40% | 10.26% | -1.77% | -30.10% | -40.13% | -41.36% | 483.88% | -40.10% | $50.20 | $19.67 | 43.71% | 43.67% | 1.46 | 2,707,000 | 28.48% |
| DEC | DIVERSIFIED ENERGY CO PLC | $14.58 | 3.99% | 1.96% | 4.22% | 24.51% | -13.52% | 0.62% | N/A | N/A | N/A | $17.70 | $10.08 | 17.63% | 44.64% | 0.85 | 866,000 | 28.49% |
| NOG | NORTHERN OIL & GAS INC | $32.16 | 3.24% | 11.86% | 8.61% | 13.52% | -21.00% | -13.90% | -8.35% | 174.87% | -54.25% | $44.31 | $19.88 | 27.42% | 61.77% | 1.31 | 5,195,000 | 478.51% |
| CNX | CNX RESOURCES CORP | $32.66 | 1.81% | 3.75% | 0.06% | 9.38% | -13.58% | 28.28% | 51.27% | 211.05% | 55.84% | $41.93 | $23.63 | 22.11% | 38.21% | 0.72 | 1,912,000 | 4.37% |
| EOG | EOG RESOURCES INC | $125.28 | 3.89% | 9.85% | 7.40% | 3.46% | -1.18% | 5.19% | -5.61% | 139.95% | 40.42% | $138.18 | $102.52 | 9.34% | 22.20% | 0.85 | 7,912,000 | 138.39% |
| BRY | BERRY CORP (BRY) | $3.09 | 5.46% | 17.05% | -3.13% | -4.04% | -25.18% | -50.56% | -69.68% | -40.12% | N/A | $7.02 | $2.11 | 55.98% | 46.45% | 1.18 | 1,653,000 | 75.66% |
| BTE | BAYTEX ENERGY CORP | $2.09 | 3.98% | 17.42% | 7.73% | 1.95% | -16.40% | -35.89% | -67.99% | 321.37% | -87.86% | $3.84 | $1.36 | 45.57% | 53.68% | 1.28 | 73,312,000 | -1.50% |
| COP | CONOCOPHILLIPS | $96.96 | 2.40% | 11.17% | 2.96% | 0.80% | -4.02% | -12.56% | -13.24% | 123.67% | 53.25% | $118.40 | $79.88 | 18.11% | 21.38% | 0.84 | 16,847,000 | 179.90% |
| TXO | TXO PARTNERS LP | $15.30 | 0.33% | 1.46% | -13.46% | -21.98% | -7.50% | -26.02% | N/A | N/A | N/A | $22.39 | $14.78 | 31.67% | 3.52% | 0.41 | 419,000 | 93.98% |
| MGY | MAGNOLIA OIL & GAS CORP | $24.22 | 2.58% | 6.46% | 3.86% | 7.45% | -4.42% | 0.08% | -10.99% | 288.14% | N/A | $29.02 | $19.09 | 16.54% | 26.87% | 1.16 | 4,846,000 | 140.50% |
| GPRK | GEOPARK LTD | $7.74 | 2.93% | 10.73% | 8.40% | -1.02% | -27.93% | -24.85% | -49.77% | -21.50% | 50.88% | $11.72 | $5.66 | 33.96% | 36.75% | 0.87 | 725,000 | 79.90% |
| WDS | WOODSIDE ENERGY GROUP LTD | $16.30 | 5.43% | 8.31% | 14.79% | 15.19% | 6.96% | -9.85% | -27.72% | 0.12% | -42.14% | $20.17 | $11.26 | 19.19% | 44.76% | 0.68 | 1,402,000 | 220.09% |
| TALO | TALOS ENERGY INC | $9.35 | 2.63% | 16.58% | 7.59% | 13.89% | -6.12% | -10.10% | -57.23% | -31.90% | N/A | $12.71 | $6.23 | 26.44% | 50.20% | 1.31 | 4,524,000 | 125.19% |
| CRK | COMSTOCK RESOURCES INC | $25.33 | -1.13% | 3.56% | 7.10% | 41.51% | 50.77% | 121.22% | 38.49% | 416.94% | 46.84% | $26.16 | $7.74 | 3.17% | 227.26% | 1.15 | 2,512,000 | 5.10% |
| FANG | DIAMONDBACK ENERGY INC | $154.91 | 3.74% | 10.21% | 5.98% | 6.25% | -5.16% | -18.62% | 4.81% | 221.92% | 93.90% | $214.50 | $114.00 | 27.78% | 35.89% | 1.07 | 5,206,000 | 196.13% |
| REI | RING ENERGY INC | $0.87 | 3.20% | 12.99% | -5.23% | -23.01% | -37.41% | -47.27% | -79.53% | -41.61% | -93.21% | $2.06 | $0.72 | 57.66% | 20.83% | 1.27 | 22,461,000 | 962.49% |
| OXY | OCCIDENTAL PETROLEUM CORP | $46.45 | 3.78% | 9.19% | 4.64% | 2.20% | -2.50% | -22.32% | -22.36% | 143.83% | -40.03% | $64.76 | $34.79 | 28.27% | 33.53% | 0.99 | 23,554,000 | 143.58% |
| HES | HESS CORP | $142.26 | 0.79% | 4.50% | 4.83% | -1.15% | 1.47% | -1.04% | 17.05% | 186.81% | 111.29% | $161.69 | $123.79 | 12.02% | 14.92% | 0.91 | 2,618,000 | 160.76% |
| BSM | BLACK STONE MINERALS LP | $13.92 | 0.00% | 1.83% | -0.14% | -6.26% | -4.26% | -11.84% | -12.40% | 87.35% | -21.62% | $16.03 | $12.80 | 13.16% | 8.75% | 0.62 | 707,000 | 353.21% |
| VET | VERMILION ENERGY INC | $8.24 | 4.04% | 14.44% | 17.05% | 10.46% | -12.53% | -25.77% | -62.03% | 52.03% | -81.35% | $11.52 | $5.14 | 28.47% | 60.31% | 1.28 | 2,465,000 | 82.05% |
| VIST | VISTA ENERGY SAB DE CV | $53.05 | 1.22% | 6.08% | 3.47% | 12.04% | -8.50% | 20.93% | 558.19% | 1,433.24% | N/A | $61.67 | $32.11 | 13.98% | 65.21% | 0.97 | 1,718,000 | 408.28% |
| INR | INFINITY NATURAL RESOURCES INC | $18.67 | 2.08% | 12.81% | 1.41% | 11.26% | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | $23.00 | $13.64 | 18.83% | 36.88% | 1.15 | 199,000 | -46.79% |
| CIVI | CIVITAS RESOURCES INC | $33.35 | 6.45% | 16.77% | 4.87% | 2.21% | -30.59% | -49.29% | -55.47% | 70.85% | -98.57% | $74.04 | $22.79 | 54.96% | 46.34% | 1.27 | 3,908,000 | 34.76% |
| WTI | W&T OFFSHORE INC | $2.15 | 10.82% | 27.98% | 34.38% | 48.28% | 26.47% | 3.37% | -71.60% | -23.76% | -59.89% | $2.84 | $1.09 | 24.30% | 97.25% | 1.15 | 7,739,000 | 293.64% |
| VTS | VITESSE ENERGY INC | $24.40 | -0.12% | 8.16% | 7.16% | 2.56% | -10.06% | 1.20% | N/A | N/A | N/A | $28.41 | $18.90 | 14.10% | 29.09% | 0.90 | 530,000 | 72.08% |
| GTE | GRAN TIERRA ENERGY INC | $6.12 | 16.57% | 28.84% | 14.61% | 33.33% | -9.60% | -37.17% | 268.67% | 1,323.26% | 101.32% | $10.40 | $3.34 | 41.15% | 83.51% | 2.19 | 996,000 | 234.23% |
| EP | EMPIRE PETROLEUM CORP | $5.30 | 3.52% | 2.12% | 33.17% | -18.59% | -20.18% | -13.96% | -66.98% | 597.37% | 1,052.17% | $8.12 | $3.76 | 34.73% | 40.96% | 0.97 | 27,600 | 38.00% |
| CHRD | CHORD ENERGY CORP | $106.04 | 3.56% | 11.75% | 6.58% | 2.63% | -11.10% | -36.07% | -35.85% | N/A | N/A | $181.17 | $79.83 | 41.47% | 32.83% | 0.97 | 926,000 | 76.38% |
| EONR | EON RESOURCES INC | $0.58 | 19.54% | 35.29% | 47.06% | 56.68% | -19.24% | -71.39% | -94.24% | N/A | N/A | $2.92 | $0.34 | 80.31% | 68.62% | 0.08 | 165,297,000 | 1,466.94% |
| AMPY | AMPLIFY ENERGY CORP | $3.56 | 7.55% | 9.54% | 10.90% | -5.07% | -43.22% | -38.51% | -58.12% | 96.69% | N/A | $8.15 | $2.27 | 56.32% | 56.83% | 1.31 | 1,090,000 | -19.20% |
| MUR | MURPHY OIL CORP | $25.43 | 4.18% | 13.02% | 9.00% | 2.21% | -16.04% | -34.71% | -39.00% | 69.76% | -40.93% | $43.02 | $18.95 | 40.89% | 34.23% | 1.25 | 4,394,000 | 59.55% |
| TPET | TRIO PETROLEUM CORP | $1.42 | 13.60% | 26.79% | 15.45% | 19.33% | 52.69% | -76.71% | N/A | N/A | N/A | $6.50 | $0.79 | 78.15% | 79.75% | -0.71 | 22,054,000 | 1,132.07% |
| EPM | EVOLUTION PETROLEUM CORP | $5.00 | -3.66% | 4.38% | 11.86% | -0.40% | -8.93% | -9.58% | -27.33% | 73.61% | -31.60% | $6.14 | $4.05 | 18.62% | 23.46% | 0.89 | 289,000 | 38.94% |
| USEG | US ENERGY CORP | $2.21 | 55.63% | 70.00% | 99.10% | 75.40% | 37.27% | 116.67% | -44.75% | -65.20% | -95.40% | $6.40 | $0.81 | 65.47% | 172.84% | 0.68 | 106,881,000 | 8,329.10% |
| INDO | INDONESIA ENERGY CORP LTD | $5.18 | 46.33% | 101.56% | 112.30% | 99.23% | 75.59% | 97.71% | -32.99% | 7.69% | N/A | $5.88 | $2.06 | 11.90% | 151.46% | 0.25 | 38,549,000 | 325.58% |
| TBN | TAMBORAN RESOURCES CORP | $22.95 | 4.32% | 7.85% | 13.22% | -0.22% | 39.01% | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | $34.50 | $15.75 | 33.48% | 45.71% | 0.54 | 24,000 | 485.37% |
| NEXT | NEXTDECADE CORP | $8.32 | -1.42% | 0.12% | 0.24% | 19.71% | 18.69% | 4.52% | 47.52% | 274.77% | -15.19% | $9.71 | $4.27 | 14.31% | 94.85% | 1.11 | 2,402,000 | 104.95% |
| NEHC | NEW ERA HELIUM INC | $0.54 | -9.65% | -3.04% | -24.27% | -61.21% | -84.08% | -95.06% | -94.48% | N/A | N/A | $12.29 | $0.47 | 95.58% | 16.52% | 0.50 | 8,948,000 | -95.58% |
| HUSA | HOUSTON AMERICAN ENERGY CORP | $15.65 | 119.19% | 220.83% | 123.16% | 54.95% | 12.59% | 26.21% | -75.16% | -20.30% | -37.40% | $32.00 | $3.85 | 51.09% | 306.18% | -0.27 | 28,754,000 | 351.11% |
| CLMT | CALUMET INC | $15.13 | 6.77% | 12.57% | 8.07% | 34.37% | -29.23% | -6.20% | 15.23% | 444.24% | -38.92% | $25.29 | $7.68 | 40.17% | 97.01% | 0.95 | 2,465,000 | 353.96% |
| KOS | KOSMOS ENERGY LTD | $2.25 | 7.66% | 18.42% | 8.70% | 4.17% | -25.25% | -58.33% | -69.35% | 2.27% | -74.66% | $5.97 | $1.39 | 62.28% | 62.45% | 1.49 | 26,000,000 | 149.14% |
| MXC | MEXCO ENERGY CORP | $11.91 | 40.45% | 70.88% | 79.64% | 29.46% | 3.57% | 1.57% | -39.17% | 195.83% | 157.24% | $14.11 | $5.89 | 15.59% | 102.21% | 0.28 | 426,000 | 1,818.92% |
| STR | SITIO ROYALTIES CORP | $20.49 | 2.71% | 2.71% | 8.87% | 7.33% | -3.49% | -10.52% | -24.08% | 54.76% | N/A | $25.64 | $14.58 | 20.09% | 40.53% | 0.88 | 2,425,000 | -5.64% |
| BRN | BARNWELL INDUSTRIES INC | $1.77 | 28.26% | 41.60% | 38.82% | 0.00% | 7.93% | -31.69% | -30.04% | 168.18% | -26.86% | $2.59 | $1.15 | 31.66% | 53.91% | 0.66 | 5,866,000 | 7,935.62% |
| BATL | BATTALION OIL CORP | $1.64 | 14.61% | 22.39% | 24.71% | 41.38% | -45.70% | -64.08% | -87.03% | -84.38% | N/A | $6.89 | $1.05 | 76.20% | 56.19% | 0.70 | 5,817,000 | 17,110.06% |
| ANNA | ALEANNA INC | $8.88 | 1.02% | -4.10% | -9.76% | 73.44% | -15.43% | -18.46% | -10.03% | N/A | N/A | $18.70 | $4.71 | 52.51% | 88.54% | -0.03 | 5,600 | -38.46% |
| CKX | CKX LANDS INC | $10.41 | -1.33% | -2.98% | -3.16% | -10.61% | -19.24% | -25.11% | -8.68% | 28.52% | -30.60% | $14.00 | $10.04 | 25.64% | 3.66% | -0.31 | 1,900 | 0.00% |
| PED | PEDEVCO CORP | $0.76 | 3.41% | 17.88% | 35.36% | 7.52% | -2.82% | -14.45% | -44.26% | -12.87% | -85.20% | $1.10 | $0.47 | 31.09% | 61.28% | 0.75 | 1,500,000 | 274.06% |
| PHX | PHX MINERALS INC | $4.33 | 0.00% | 0.46% | 0.00% | 11.89% | 7.98% | 34.47% | 7.44% | 17.03% | -79.85% | $4.34 | $3.09 | 0.23% | 40.13% | 0.72 | 771,000 | 91.32% |
Oil and Gas Stocks FAQ
Company
AboutNewsBlogStock Investing FAQPlansPrivacy PolicyTerms of ServiceCancellation & RefundsPerformanceHelp GuidesContactTwitterYouTubeNewsletterWallStreetZen does not provide financial advice and does not issue recommendations or offers to buy stock or sell any security.
Information is provided 'as-is' and solely for informational purposes and is not advice. WallStreetZen does not bear any responsibility for any losses or damage that may occur as a result of reliance on this data.
Information is provided 'as-is' and solely for informational purposes and is not advice. WallStreetZen does not bear any responsibility for any losses or damage that may occur as a result of reliance on this data.