Sectors & IndustriesTechnology
Best Tech Stocks to Buy Now (2025)
Top tech stocks in 2025 ranked by overall Due Diligence Score. See the best tech stocks to buy now, according to analyst forecasts for the technology sector.

Sector: Technology
Ticker
Company
Exchange
Industry
Zen Rating
Market Cap
Price
1d %
EBITDA
P/E
D/E
Country
DD Score
SOUN
SOUNDHOUND AI INC
NASDAQ
Software - Application
$6.58B$16.150.44%-$199.04M-23.75x0.61
United States
REKR
REKOR SYSTEMS INC
NASDAQ
Software - Infrastructure
$204.66M$1.623.18%-$41.18M-3.06x1.26
United States
BLBX
BLACKBOXSTOCKS INC
NASDAQ
Software - Application
$23.08M$6.092.87%-$3.77M-5.69x1.76
United States
QMCO
QUANTUM CORP
NASDAQ
Computer Hardware
$145.05M$10.899.78%-$77.54M-0.55x-2.48
United States
WYFI
WHITEFIBER INC
NASDAQ
Software - Application
$1.21B$31.9917.74%N/AN/A0.25
United States
RUM
RUMBLE INC
NASDAQ
Software - Application
$3.11B$7.15-1.24%-$287.77M-4.97x0.21
United States
ASTI
ASCENT SOLAR TECHNOLOGIES INC
NASDAQ
Solar
$5.91M$1.94-1.02%-$6.04M-0.54x0.98
United States
SQNS
SEQUANS COMMUNICATIONS
NYSE
Semiconductors
$24.83M$9.783.38%$128.33MN/A1.13
France
BNZI
BANZAI INTERNATIONAL INC
NASDAQ
Software - Application
$10.06M$2.91-1.02%-$32.11M-0.07x9.98
United States
DFDV
DEFI DEVELOPMENT CORP
NASDAQ
Software - Infrastructure
$320.52M$15.23-0.52%$16.12M16.63x0.35
United States
MAXN
MAXEON SOLAR TECHNOLOGIES LTD
NASDAQ
Solar
$60.18M$3.586.87%-$525.37M0.10x-1.55
Singapore
BMR
BEAMR IMAGING LTD
NASDAQ
Software - Application
$47.37M$3.05-0.33%-$4.85M-10.17x0.06
Israel
NVTS
NAVITAS SEMICONDUCTOR CORP
NASDAQ
Semiconductors
$1.56B$7.301.11%-$101.20M-11.23x0.16
Ireland
TGHL
GROWHUB LTD
NASDAQ
Software - Infrastructure
N/A$1.700.59%-$1.61M-20.24x-3.57
Singapore
ATOM
ATOMERA INC
NASDAQ
Semiconductor Equipment & Materials
$145.45M$4.624.52%-$18.03M-6.90x0.13
United States
PHUN
PHUNWARE INC
NASDAQ
Software - Application
$54.86M$2.72-1.09%-$11.67M-3.36x0.08
United States
MTEK
MARIS TECH LTD
NASDAQ
Electronic Components
$15.93M$1.954.84%-$3.64M-4.06x1.28
Israel
MOBX
MOBIX LABS INC
NASDAQ
Semiconductors
$47.40M$0.877.44%-$38.06M-0.77x80.31
United States
JTAI
JETAI INC
NASDAQ
Software - Application
$7.78M$3.33-0.30%-$11.28M0.08x0.28
Cayman Islands
AXTI
AXT INC
NASDAQ
Semiconductor Equipment & Materials
$226.47M$4.919.35%-$12.24M-8.93x0.49
United States
GLE
GLOBAL ENGINE GROUP HOLDING LTD
NASDAQ
Information Technology Services
$13.30M$0.733.56%N/AN/A0.07
Hong Kong
BKKT
BAKKT HOLDINGS INC
NYSE
Software - Infrastructure
$735.95M$34.151.49%-$27.21M-7.54x3.75
United States
ASTS
AST SPACEMOBILE INC
NASDAQ
Communication Equipment
$20.41B$56.9416.01%-$280.90M-32.35x0.83
United States
PSQH
PSQ HOLDINGS INC
NYSE
Software - Application
$86.31M$1.88-1.57%-$38.12M-1.47x1.92
United States
NEON
NEONODE INC
NASDAQ
Electronic Components
$57.57M$3.43-1.72%-$6.05M-9.03x0.19
Sweden
SATS
ECHOSTAR CORP
NASDAQ
Communication Equipment
$22.87B$79.504.11%$2.39B-75.00x2.03
United States
BBAI
BIGBEARAI HOLDINGS INC
NYSE
Information Technology Services
$2.59B$6.987.06%-$406.98M-4.28x1.25
United States
NN
NEXTNAV INC
NASDAQ
Software - Infrastructure
$1.90B$14.27-0.21%-$151.40M-11.06x-6.44
United States
VWAV
VISIONWAVE HOLDINGS INC
NASDAQ
Software - Application
$133.99M$9.25-2.99%-$853.14k-0.04x-1.08
United States
BKSY
BLACKSKY TECHNOLOGY INC
NYSE
Scientific & Technical Instruments
$709.65M$22.4211.27%-$859.00k-10.28x2.21
United States
QUBT
QUANTUM COMPUTING INC
NASDAQ
Computer Hardware
$3.03B$18.973.04%-$69.76M-25.99x0.08
United States
GCTS
GCT SEMICONDUCTOR HOLDING INC
NYSE
Semiconductors
$81.56M$1.46-3.95%-$27.23M-2.15x-1.25
United States
IONQ
IONQ INC
NYSE
Computer Hardware
$18.73B$63.092.59%-$451.23M-31.08x0.15
United States
DAIC
CID HOLDCO INC
NASDAQ
Information Technology Services
$71.86M$2.602.36%N/AN/A5.18
United States
AI
C3AI INC
NYSE
Software - Application
$2.41B$17.500.92%-$328.38M-6.73x0.21
United States
BZAI
BLAIZE HOLDINGS INC
NASDAQ
Semiconductors
$351.99M$3.43-0.58%-$208.20M-0.92x-12.19
United States
FORTY
FORMULA SYSTEMS (1985) LTD
NASDAQ
Information Technology Services
$2.07B$135.010.00%N/A26.47x2.40
Israel
VRNT
VERINT SYSTEMS INC
NASDAQ
Software - Infrastructure
$1.22B$20.23-0.10%$129.78M27.34x1.00
United States
SMTK
SMARTKEM INC
NASDAQ
Semiconductor Equipment & Materials
$7.91M$1.743.57%-$9.59M-0.35x-34.72
United Kingdom
ASNS
ACTELIS NETWORKS INC
NASDAQ
Communication Equipment
$3.86M$0.34-7.32%-$5.71M-0.44x4.62
United States
FRGT
FREIGHT TECHNOLOGIES INC
NASDAQ
Software - Application
$3.55M$1.290.78%N/AN/A0.94
United States
SPRU
SPRUCE POWER HOLDING CORP
NYSE
Solar
$43.69M$2.450.00%-$6.15M-0.58x5.88
United States
SANG
SANGOMA TECHNOLOGIES CORP
NASDAQ
Software - Infrastructure
$177.96M$5.358.96%$26.86M-49.08x0.36
Canada
YXT
YXTCOM GROUP HOLDING LTD
NASDAQ
Software - Application
$59.04M$0.990.00%N/A0.38x2.89
China
CREX
CREATIVE REALITIES INC
NASDAQ
Software - Application
$24.30M$2.310.87%$5.06M-21.00x1.16
United States
ZEO
ZEO ENERGY CORP
NASDAQ
Solar
$70.19M$1.28-5.19%-$17.35M-2.33x-0.27
United States
WCT
WELLCHANGE HOLDINGS CO LTD
NASDAQ
Software - Application
$16.89M$0.372.24%-$167.08k-17.38x0.36
China
SONY
SONY GROUP CORP
NYSE
Consumer Electronics
$188.27B$28.74-0.17%$18.24B22.58x3.20
Japan
YIBO
PLANET IMAGE INTERNATIONAL LTD
NASDAQ
Computer Hardware
$79.08M$1.34-1.11%N/A-13.35x1.41
China
INLX
INTELLINETICS INC
NYSEMKT
Software - Application
$51.73M$11.550.00%-$226.33k-28.88x0.48
United States
SCKT
SOCKET MOBILE INC
NASDAQ
Computer Hardware
$8.12M$1.02-0.97%-$1.26M-2.68x0.62
United States
WBX
WALLBOX NV
NYSE
Electronic Components
$57.07M$4.551.79%-$152.02M-0.54x7.95
Spain
FATN
FATPIPE INC
NASDAQ
Software - Infrastructure
$95.96M$6.948.61%N/AN/A0.57
United States
RYDE
RYDE GROUP LTD
NYSEMKT
Software - Application
$9.73M$0.37-2.37%-$13.77M-0.56x1.31
Singapore
XHLD
TEN HOLDINGS INC
NASDAQ
Software - Application
$12.07M$0.34-3.92%-$8.94M-0.86x1.07
United States
MLNK
MERIDIANLINK INC
NYSE
Software - Application
$1.48B$19.930.00%$74.12M-68.72x1.39
United States
GMM
GLOBAL MOFY AI LTD
NASDAQ
Information Technology Services
$33.99M$1.94-0.51%$15.46M0.97x0.32
China
CORZ
CORE SCIENTIFIC INC
NASDAQ
Software - Infrastructure
$5.35B$17.970.17%-$810.59M-3.65x-9.96
United States
VHC
VIRNETX HOLDING CORP
NASDAQ
Software - Infrastructure
$74.74M$17.50-2.72%-$17.33M-3.65x0.26
United States
DSWL
DESWELL INDUSTRIES INC
NASDAQ
Electronic Components
$64.22M$4.031.77%$12.82M5.76x0.18
China
SPNS
SAPIENS INTERNATIONAL CORP N V
NASDAQ
Software - Application
$2.40B$42.98-0.05%$102.28M35.23x0.48
Netherlands Antilles
AVDX
AVIDXCHANGE HOLDINGS INC
NASDAQ
Software - Infrastructure
$2.06B$9.960.10%$49.37MN/A1.93
United States
SPPL
SIMPPLE LTD
NASDAQ
Software - Application
$20.92M$5.911.53%-$2.65M-7.19x1.71
Singapore
MITQ
MOVING IMAGE TECHNOLOGIES INC
NYSEMKT
Communication Equipment
$9.34M$0.941.18%-$625.00k-9.40x1.24
United States
INVE
IDENTIV INC
NASDAQ
Computer Hardware
$80.89M$3.41-1.16%$73.47M1.09x0.05
United States
FEBO
FENBO HOLDINGS LTD
NASDAQ
Consumer Electronics
$7.52M$0.681.49%-$751.28k-3.80x1.12
Hong Kong
MIMI
MINT INC LTD
NASDAQ
Software - Application
$200.10M$8.001.91%-$1.54M-114.29x0.31
Hong Kong
WETO
WEBUS INTERNATIONAL LTD
NASDAQ
Software - Application
$43.41M$1.970.15%N/AN/A1.46
China
IPM
INTELLIGENT PROTECTION MANAGEMENT CORP
NASDAQ
Software - Application
$18.84M$2.042.51%-$7.52M-2.65x0.50
United States
TASK
TASKUS INC
NASDAQ
Information Technology Services
$1.58B$17.73-0.67%$165.74M29.07x0.89
United States
TAOP
TAOPING INC
NASDAQ
Software - Infrastructure
$1.36M$3.055.90%$662.30k-0.35x1.21
China
ELTK
ELTEK LTD
NASDAQ
Electronic Components
$72.48M$10.80-1.42%$6.21M23.47x0.44
Israel
ZENV
ZENVIA INC
NASDAQ
Software - Application
$69.07M$1.33-0.75%$14.73M-3.06x1.25
Brazil
MGRT
MEGA FORTUNE CO LTD
NASDAQ
Software - Application
$62.84M$4.57-2.14%N/AN/A2.01
China
MSAI
MULTISENSOR AI HOLDINGS INC
NASDAQ
Software - Infrastructure
$22.51M$0.650.93%-$18.19M-1.21x0.50
United States
VS
VERSUS SYSTEMS INC
NASDAQ
Software - Application
$10.24M$2.09-1.42%-$1.30M-3.94x0.00
Canada
TRT
TRIO-TECH INTERNATIONAL
NYSEMKT
Semiconductor Equipment & Materials
$26.52M$6.153.71%$2.91M-615.00x0.21
United States
LEDS
SEMILEDS CORP
NASDAQ
Semiconductors
$17.92M$2.18-0.46%$338.00k-31.14x4.80
Taiwan
CIIT
TIANCI INTERNATIONAL INC
NASDAQ
Electronics & Computer Distribution
$9.24M$0.560.18%-$1.10M-7.99x0.00
United States
IDAI
T STAMP INC
NASDAQ
Software - Application
$8.36M$3.290.30%-$9.75M-0.49x1.25
United States
MASK
3 E NETWORK TECHNOLOGY GROUP LTD
NASDAQ
Software - Application
$6.78M$0.615.95%N/AN/A0.42
Hong Kong
IMXI
INTERNATIONAL MONEY EXPRESS INC
NASDAQ
Software - Infrastructure
$413.50M$13.93-0.29%$108.19M8.49x2.64
United States
SOBR
SOBR SAFE INC
NASDAQ
Scientific & Technical Instruments
$5.29M$3.490.00%-$7.40M0.03x0.35
United States
ELSE
ELECTRO SENSORS INC
NASDAQ
Scientific & Technical Instruments
$16.30M$4.73-3.16%$513.00k36.35x0.05
United States
UTSI
UTSTARCOM HOLDINGS CORP
NASDAQ
Communication Equipment
$23.26M$2.54-1.17%-$4.07M-3.79x0.49
Hong Kong
SVRE
SAVERONE 2014 LTD
NASDAQ
Scientific & Technical Instruments
$66.67M$1.62-1.22%-$29.72M-0.18x0.46
Israel
CMBM
CAMBIUM NETWORKS CORP
NASDAQ
Communication Equipment
$24.97M$0.88-1.12%-$78.18M-0.25x4.10
Cayman Islands
INFA
INFORMATICA INC
NYSE
Software - Infrastructure
$7.50B$24.860.08%$355.24MN/A1.24
United States
CJMB
CALLAN JMB INC
NASDAQ
Software - Application
$21.87M$4.880.00%-$4.54M-3.37x0.54
United States
SWVL
SWVL HOLDINGS CORP
NASDAQ
Software - Application
$30.49M$3.06-2.86%-$3.83M-6.38x4.77
United Arab Emirates
ULY
URGENTLY INC
NASDAQ
Software - Application
$4.51M$3.230.00%-$11.62M-0.12x-1.97
United States
CYBR
CYBERARK SOFTWARE LTD
NASDAQ
Software - Infrastructure
$24.57B$490.171.45%-$704.00k-138.86x0.95
Israel
SYNX
SILYNXCOM LTD
NYSEMKT
Communication Equipment
$8.91M$1.490.68%-$3.14MN/A0.44
Israel
BOXL
BOXLIGHT CORP
NASDAQ
Communication Equipment
$6.35M$2.39-0.83%$1.31M-0.18x-4.43
United States
BLIN
BRIDGELINE DIGITAL INC
NASDAQ
Software - Infrastructure
$15.99M$1.320.00%-$1.68M-4.89x0.62
United States
LSAK
LESAKA TECHNOLOGIES INC
NASDAQ
Software - Infrastructure
$349.75M$4.180.72%-$71.98M-3.67x2.37
South Africa
BIYA
BAIYA INTERNATIONAL GROUP INC
NASDAQ
Software - Application
$7.48M$0.602.22%$63.43kN/A8.80
Cayman Islands
HTCR
HEARTCORE ENTERPRISES INC
NASDAQ
Software - Application
$21.63M$0.9314.57%$780.17kN/A2.06
Japan
BELFA
BEL FUSE INC
NASDAQ
Electronic Components
$1.49B$117.891.32%$101.44M30.46x1.15
United States
TACT
TRANSACT TECHNOLOGIES INC
NASDAQ
Computer Hardware
$54.20M$5.37-0.92%-$804.00k-6.17x0.42
United States

Tech Industries

IndustryStocks1d %1w %1m %1y %DD ScoreP/E ratioP/B RatioROEROAROCEUpside/DownsideConsensus
57+1.12%+2.14%+10.99%+47.63%411.39x4.35x+35.63%+9.08%+17.67%-5.36%Buy
33+4.49%+6.21%+30.40%+44.07%38.99x15.04x-49.98%+7.80%+19.28%-9.13%Buy
16+1.48%+1.69%+10.93%-5.20%37.77x31.38x+147.85%+27.61%+65.33%-3.93%Buy
43+0.56%+1.14%+7.53%+17.34%51.04x6.77x+20.46%+8.38%+15.91%-2.32%Strong Buy
11+0.44%+1.61%+2.14%-4.96%18.01x1.31x+8.36%+2.44%+9.60%+7.56%Hold
70+0.48%+0.17%+1.18%-13.18%39.56x4.43x+19.53%+6.14%+11.87%+19.45%Buy
31+0.66%+2.24%+6.63%+3.87%14.90x3.44x+10.48%+6.84%+10.90%+5.90%Buy
29+4.25%+5.64%+31.96%+26.16%36.79x12.02x+54.00%+20.49%+35.85%-10.28%Strong Buy
69+0.41%+1.08%+10.75%+20.17%48.58x12.48x+63.04%+42.36%+51.72%+4.76%Strong Buy
246-1.00%-2.36%+0.25%-14.66%37.81x6.83x+33.82%+11.25%+16.17%+27.93%Buy
146+0.04%-0.73%+2.49%-18.15%49.14x12.05x+32.43%+13.68%+23.30%+14.24%Buy
23+3.26%+2.70%+14.23%-72.31%20.86x2.54x-64.10%+3.95%+2.68%-5.50%Buy

Tech Stocks FAQ

What are the best tech stocks to buy right now in Oct 2025?

According to Zen Ratings, our proprietary rating system that evaluates 115 factors proven to drive growth in stocks and assigns each stock in our system an overall letter grade as well as 7 individual Component Grades for Value, Growth, Momentum, Sentiment, Safety, Financials, and proprietary AI algorithms, the 3 best technology stocks to buy right now are:

1. Allient (NASDAQ:ALNT)


Allient (NASDAQ:ALNT) is the #1 top tech stock out of 774 with a Zen Rating of A. Stocks with a rating of A have had an average return of +32.52% per year. Learn more.

The Component Grade breakdown for Allient (NASDAQ:ALNT) is: Value: B, Growth: A, Momentum: A, Sentiment: B, Safety: A, Financials: B, and AI: C.

Allient (NASDAQ:ALNT) has a Due Diligence Score of 39, which is 9 points higher than the tech sector average of 30. It passed 14 out of 38 due diligence checks and has average fundamentals. Allient has seen its stock return 151.88% over the past year, overperforming other tech stocks by 157 percentage points.

2. Ibex (NASDAQ:IBEX)


Ibex (NASDAQ:IBEX) is the #2 top tech stock out of 774 with a Zen Rating of A. Stocks with a rating of A have had an average return of +32.52% per year. Learn more.

The Component Grade breakdown for Ibex (NASDAQ:IBEX) is: Value: B, Growth: C, Momentum: B, Sentiment: B, Safety: C, Financials: A, and AI: C.

Ibex (NASDAQ:IBEX) has a Due Diligence Score of 52, which is 22 points higher than the tech sector average of 30. It passed 17 out of 33 due diligence checks and has strong fundamentals. Ibex has seen its stock return 106.02% over the past year, overperforming other tech stocks by 111 percentage points.

Ibex has an average 1 year price target of $34.50, a downside of -15.3% from Ibex's current stock price of $40.73.

Ibex stock has a consensus Hold recommendation according to Wall Street analysts. Of the 2 analysts covering Ibex, 0% have issued a Strong Buy rating, 0% have issued a Buy, 100% have issued a Hold, while 0% have issued a Sell rating, and 0% have issued a Strong Sell.

3. Daktronics (NASDAQ:DAKT)


Daktronics (NASDAQ:DAKT) is the #3 top tech stock out of 774 with a Zen Rating of A. Stocks with a rating of A have had an average return of +32.52% per year. Learn more.

The Component Grade breakdown for Daktronics (NASDAQ:DAKT) is: Value: C, Growth: B, Momentum: B, Sentiment: B, Safety: B, Financials: A, and AI: C.

Daktronics (NASDAQ:DAKT) has a Due Diligence Score of 40, which is 10 points higher than the tech sector average of 30. It passed 16 out of 38 due diligence checks and has average fundamentals. Daktronics has seen its stock return 55.2% over the past year, overperforming other tech stocks by 60 percentage points.

What are the tech stocks with highest dividends?

Out of 119 tech stocks that have issued dividends in the past year, the 3 tech stocks with the highest dividend yields are:

1. Mind Cti (NASDAQ:MNDO)


Mind Cti (NASDAQ:MNDO) has an annual dividend yield of 19.82%, which is 18 percentage points higher than the tech sector average of 1.91%. Mind Cti's dividend payout is not stable, having dropped more than 10% one times in the last 10 years. Mind Cti's dividend has not shown consistent growth over the last 10 years.

Mind Cti's dividend payout ratio of 146.7% indicates that its high dividend yield might not be sustainable for the long-term.

2. Clps (NASDAQ:CLPS)


Clps (NASDAQ:CLPS) has an annual dividend yield of 13.04%, which is 11 percentage points higher than the tech sector average of 1.91%.

Clps's dividend payout ratio of -288.9% indicates that its high dividend yield might not be sustainable for the long-term.

3. Xerox Holdings (NASDAQ:XRX)


Xerox Holdings (NASDAQ:XRX) has an annual dividend yield of 10.95%, which is 9 percentage points higher than the tech sector average of 1.91%. Xerox Holdings's dividend payout is not stable, having dropped more than 10% four times in the last 10 years. Xerox Holdings's dividend has not shown consistent growth over the last 10 years.

Xerox Holdings's dividend payout ratio of -5.6% indicates that its high dividend yield might not be sustainable for the long-term.

Why are tech stocks up?

Tech stocks were up 0.45% in the last day, and up 0.28% over the last week. Ryvyl was the among the top gainers in the technology sector, gaining 71.62% yesterday.

Ryvyl shares are trading higher after the company announced a $75 million merger agreement with RTB Digital.

What are the most undervalued tech stocks?

Based on the Valuation rating, one of the 7 components of a stocks overall Zen Ratings grade, which evaluates factors including estimated earnings yield, earnings before interest and taxes/enterprise value, cash flow yield, free cash flow to price, and price-to-earnings growth (PEG ratio), the 3 most undervalued tech stocks right now are:

1. Consensus Cloud Solutions (NASDAQ:CCSI)


Consensus Cloud Solutions (NASDAQ:CCSI) is the most undervalued tech stock based on its Valuation Rating of A. Valuation is one of 7 Component Grades used to calculate the overall Zen Rating.

Consensus Cloud Solutions has a valuation score of 86, which is 64 points higher than the tech sector average of 22. It passed 6 out of 7 valuation due diligence checks.

Consensus Cloud Solutions's stock has gained 27% in the past year. It has overperformed other stocks in the tech sector by 32 percentage points.

2. DXC Technology Co (NYSE:DXC)


DXC Technology Co (NYSE:DXC) is the second most undervalued tech stock based on its Valuation Rating of A. Valuation is one of 7 Component Grades used to calculate the overall Zen Rating.

DXC Technology Co has a valuation score of 71, which is 49 points higher than the tech sector average of 22. It passed 5 out of 7 valuation due diligence checks.

DXC Technology Co's stock has dropped -31.24% in the past year. It has underperformed other stocks in the tech sector by -26 percentage points.

3. Hp (NYSE:HPQ)


Hp (NYSE:HPQ) is the third most undervalued tech stock based on its Valuation Rating of A. Valuation is one of 7 Component Grades used to calculate the overall Zen Rating.

Hp has a valuation score of 29, which is 7 points higher than the tech sector average of 22. It passed 2 out of 7 valuation due diligence checks.

Hp's stock has dropped -23.19% in the past year. It has underperformed other stocks in the tech sector by -18 percentage points.

Are tech stocks a good buy now?

45.75% of tech stocks rated by analysts are a strong buy right now. On average, analysts expect tech stocks to rise by 11.67% over the next year.

6.29% of tech stocks have a Zen Rating of A (Strong Buy), 23.27% of tech stocks are rated B (Buy), 55.5% are rated C (Hold), 11.64% are rated D (Sell), and 3.3% are rated F (Strong Sell).

What is the average p/e ratio of the technology sector?

The average P/E ratio of the technology sector is 53.32x.
WallStreetZen does not provide financial advice and does not issue recommendations or offers to buy stock or sell any security.

Information is provided 'as-is' and solely for informational purposes and is not advice. WallStreetZen does not bear any responsibility for any losses or damage that may occur as a result of reliance on this data.